Past Workshops

Cognitive testing in population-based studies: Marrying Construct With Measurement

June 11, 2024

Alden Gross

Abstract: This workshop will provide a broad overview of the types of cognitive testing common in population-based epidemiologic studies. We will review examples of common cognitive tests, ranging from screening measures to more extensive neuropsychological batteries. We will leverage psychometric principles of test information to link types of cognitive assessment with research applications (e.g., screening, cross-sectional discrimination, longitudinal tracking of change). Finally, we will describe methods to assess measurement differences by background characteristics by testing for differential item functioning. The workshop will weave together didactic and lab-based components and use examples from the HRS Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol and other studies.

Speaker Bio: Alden Gross is a psychiatric epidemiologist in the Department of Epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health with substantive research interests in cognitive aging and mental health. He has specialized training in statistical methods including multilevel modeling, methods for accounting for missing data, structural equation modeling, and latent variable methods. His is MPI of the Gateway to Global Aging Data, where he oversees cognitive variable cross-national harmonization for studies with a Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol.

Workshop video recording (YouTube)

Workshop slides (PDF)

Stata Data Set  (Zip file)

Stata Syntax (Zip file)

Codebook   (Word)

Multiple Imputation Analysis for Longitudinal Surveys

May 23, 2024

Trivellore Raghunathan

Abstract: Longitudinal or panel surveys are useful to investigate individual level changes over time. However, attrition or drop-out of individuals across waves of data collection may introduce bias in the inferences, if the mechanism leading to missing data is ignored. In addition, the surveys may also be subject to item-missing data due to nonresponse to individual questions within each wave. Multiple imputation provides a framework for incorporating missing data mechanism in constructing inferences on both time-specific and time varying estimands of interest. Several approaches for performing multiple imputation and subsequent analysis of multiply imputed data have become available in many different software packages.

This workshop will introduce a conceptual understanding of missing data mechanisms, its impact on the analysis and then discuss multiple imputation for missing data using case studies and simulated data sets. The workshop will also consider options for incorporating complex design features in the imputation and in the analysis.

Speaker Bio: Trivellore Raghunathan is Research Professor in the Michigan Program in Survey and Data Science at the Institute for Social Research and Professor of Biostatistics in the School of Public Health. He is a former chair of the Biostatistics department and a former Director of Survey Research Center. He has written two books, “Missing Data Analysis in Practice” and “Multiple Imputation in Practice”, and has developed a software IVEware for performing multiple imputation and complex survey data analysis.

Workshop video recording (YouTube)

Workshop on Analysis of Incomplete data slides (PDF)

Using Item Response Theory (IRT) Methods to Refine Measurement & Reduce Participant Burden in Aging Research

January 26, 2024

Matthew Diemer

Abstract: Item Response Theory (IRT) methods are best known for their role in large-scale achievement tests, such as the SAT and GRE. However, IRT methods have unique—and often overlooked—advantages for improving measurement and reducing participant burden in aging, and related fields. The first advantage of IRT is illuminating how precise a measure is for people across different levels of the underlying latent construct, an affordance not provided by factor analysis. This more precise capacity to estimate participants’ level of ability better-informs identification of selective attrition in panel surveys, such as whether low-ability respondents were more likely to attrit. The second advantage of IRT is identifying redundant and/or imprecise items for removal, reducing longer scales in favor of more efficient, yet similarly precise, streamlined measures. IRT is therefore useful in reducing the time and money it costs to administer surveys.

These two advantages are also important in reducing participant burden. Shorter measures may increase consent rates by reducing participant time burden, which may lead respondents to consent to subsequent data collections. Shorter measures may similarly minimize attrition, in that participants are more likely to complete shorter surveys – which also have the effect of yielding better data quality. In sum, by producing shorter and more efficient measures, IRT has the potential to reduce attrition, increase consent rates, and improve data quality in aging research.

Workshop video recording (YouTube)

Workshop slides and other materials (PowerPoint)

Community Advisory Boards in Aging Research

August 31, 2023

Joseph E. Gaugler

University of Minnesota

Abstract: The robust incorporation of research participant and community perspectives in aging science is critical to propelling our research across the translational continuum. This workshop will share how one research team (the Families and Long-Term Care Projects) have incorporated persons with dementia, family/friend care partner, and care professional perspectives in various research projects and other elements of aging-related, scientific infrastructure via community advisory boards and similar efforts. The workshop will highlight other key efforts to incorporate participants’ perspectives throughout the research lifecycle in dementia, and the implications of these efforts for future research in this area.

Joe Gaugler is the Robert L. Kane Endowed Chair in Long-Term Care & Aging in the School of Public Health and a Distinguished McKnight University Professor at the University of Minnesota. He is the Director of the Center for Healthy Aging and Innovation, Director of the national BOLD Public Health Center of Excellence on Dementia Caregiving, and Editor-in-Chief of The Gerontologist. His research focuses on dementia care innovation.

Workshop video recording (YouTube)

Workshop Slides (PowerPoint)

Designing and Implementing American Life in Realtime, a benchmark digital health study

May 16, 2023

Ritika Chaturvedi

University of Southern California

Abstract: This workshop presents an overview of American Life in Realtime (ALiR) a population health study involving wearables in partnership with the Understanding America Study. ALiR is a benchmark digital health cohort, research infrastructure, and dataset that seeks to explore how everyday life affects health in a comprehensive and equitable manner. ALiR’s cohort is a probability based representative sample of U.S. adults, with an oversample of racial/ethnic minorities and/or under-resourced groups. Participants continuously wear study-provided Fitbits and answer frequent electronic surveys about their health and well-being for at least one year, though most continue to participate indefinitely. ALiR’s dataset, using FAIR standards (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable), overlays (1) continuous Fitbit biometrics; (2) in-depth, longitudinal self-reported measures of sociodemographics, social, structural, and environmental exposures, personality, behaviors, and health measured via high-quality, validated instruments; and, (3) geospatially and temporally matched public environmental data on individual time-series. Ultimately, ALiR is a model for achieving diversity, equity, inclusion, transparency and multi-disciplinary collaboration in precision digital health.

Workshop video recording (YouTube)

Community-Based Participatory Research in Practice

April 24, 2023

Carina Gronlund, Zachary Rowe, Tam Perry, Fatima Hazimeh, Evan Villeneuve, Brenda Butler

University of Michigan Institute for Social Research, Friends of Parkside, Wayne State University

Abstract: What in the world is community–based participatory research? In this workshop, attendees will get a taste of this research paradigm in which community and academic partners work together as co-investigators. We will discuss partnership formation and the nature of community-academic collaborations throughout the research process: including developing the research questions, applying for funding, recruitment and retention of participants, and dissemination of the findings in the peer-reviewed literature, sharing results back to the participants, and dissemination in many other forums. Real-world successes and challenges from academic and community partners will be shared, and attendees will be invited to ponder how they might incorporate CBPR principles into their own work.

Workshop video recording (YouTube)

Workshop Slides (PDF) 

Using Smartphones for Passive and Active Data Collection in Older Populations

February 8, 2023

Florian Keusch

University of Mannheim, Germany

Smartphones have become integral parts of many people’s lives. For researchers, the main advantage of smartphones lies in the fact that many users carry them around with them throughout the day. Thus, the devices are often present in the same physical and social contexts as their users. In addition, smartphones include a large set of built-in sensors and support multiple modes of communication greatly facilitating widespread, longitudinal active (e.g., EMA, taking pictures, scanning receipts) and passive (e.g., location tracking, physical activity, call logs, browsing history) data collection in situ. On the flipside, there are multiple challenges to collecting data via smartphones especially among older populations, including selectivity of smartphone ownership and (non)willingness to provide sensor data or perform active data collection tasks.

This workshop will introduce the potentials and challenges when implementing passive and active data collection on smartphones in longitudinal studies of older populations. We will discuss technical aspects of the data collection process and for what types of research questions they can be used. The workshop will also review best practices when implementing smartphone data collection in studies of older populations to reduce errors of measurement and representation.

Workshop slides (PDF)